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Background Health policy can be defined as an agreement and consensus on a health-related program and set of actions taken to achieve the goals expected by programs in the area of policy. Policy analysis involves […]
Background Understanding the magnitude of cancer burden attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors is crucial for development of effective prevention and mitigation strategies. We analysed results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk […]

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Abstract The practice style variation (PSV) incurs undesirable clinical and economic consequences for patients and the healthcare system. This review aims to analyze the economic consequences of PSV in medical interventions. A comprehensive electronic search […]

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Background Physician shortages in rural areas is a universal concern, and most countries face this challenge. Many attributes influence the physician preferences about the choice of working location. The aim of this systematic review was […]

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Background A limited number of studies have specifically examined the value of quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) from the patient’s perspective. Objective The goal of this study was to investigate the worth of QALYs from the perspectives […]

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Abstract Given that average salt intake among Iranians is approximately 10–15 g per day particularly from sodium hidden in bread, cheese, and fast food; lowering this mineral has been followed up seriously in this country […]

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Background Early childhood development (ECD) refers to physical, cognitive, emotional, and social development between 0 and 8 years. The aim of this study was to identify the gaps in ECD-related upstream and health policies in […]
Background Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3 aims to “ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages”. While a substantial effort has been made to quantify progress towards SDG3, less research has focused […]
Background In an era of shifting global agendas and expanded emphasis on non-communicable diseases and injuries along with communicable diseases, sound evidence on trends by cause at the national level is essential. The Global Burden […]

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Background To assess the potential impact of a tax-induced cigarette price increase on financial and health outcomes by different socioeconomic groups. Methods In a modeled condition using pooled cross-section data from Household Income and Expenditure […]